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@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + _ _ _ + | | | | | | + | |__ | |_ _ ___ __| |_ __ ___ __ _ _ __ ___ + | '_ \| | | | |/ _ \/ _` | '__/ _ \/ _` | '_ ` _ \ + | |_) | | |_| | __/ (_| | | | __/ (_| | | | | | | + |_.__/|_|\__,_|\___|\__,_|_| \___|\__,_|_| |_| |_| + +================================================================================ + + i went on a [47d1] and all i got was this lousy vscode worm... + + (or) + + i tried to write a README and all i got was this lousy writeup + + NOTE: some of this writeup had to be redacted for, uh, reasons. any redactions + will be replaced with a relevant sha256 tag, which will be expanded at + the end of the file. example: [480b2b30] + + INTRO + late one night, i had an idea. 'memba xcodeghost? pepperidge farm + remembers. what about vscodeghost? except, instead of infecting *OS apps, + it infects vscode. hmm? + + it's a vscode worm. alice installs an infected extension, and any + extensions (packaged or minified) become infected. once uploaded to the + marketplace, or otherwise distributed, each install becomes a new alice. + + i will readily admit that i [084a1631cd59ed1a3244305b6fbc28a2d93c97a7df] + + this worm was written over the course of a 3-week [47d1] in which i + [e6400ef383e6509261b52d3f16e466752487a27e19d0579a3eb5567bb7244055]. lmao + + it was bad... [e2b5ed016720f26e10bc200c8c528241298f9a64db8559b9ad8276b8] + shit. [affa8bd6c29038c52a423488d1b037615d7bb8a8384736d46837c662887303f]... + i know i gotta sleep in a few hours. welp. note from future spv: you're a + dick. it's half past 2 and i'm copy editing your shit. fuck you. <3 + + with that out of the way, let's begin with the writeup & description. i + think the only real way to do this is to go through the architecture + first. otherwise idk that any of this will make sense. it took me a couple + readthroughs of the source to understand what the fuck was going on... + + ARCHITECTURE + bluedream is made up of two interlinked components, with separate + directories for each. cnc holds the command-and-control server, with inf + containing the src for the local infection, and its custom build system. + these components will be referred to by their respective directory names, + cnc, and inf. + + inf is built by build_payload.js & gen_pwnage.js. build_payload is + passed a payload descriptor (pd) file, which contains a reference to each + JS file to be included. this allows one to easily configure of the exact + features of a payload. build_payload also requires the specification of an + output file, to which the payload, minified & brotli compressed, will be + written. + + after this, gen_pwnage wraps the payload. to ease identification of the + infection, as will be described in detail further on. in the end, one will + be left with inf. + + cnc is also a custom job. cnc accepts a block descriptor (bd) file, + which is used to serve different payloads to different victims. a bd file + is composed of one or more entries of the form + `(ip)[/(block_size)]:(payload)[,(script)]`. any ip within said block will + be served the payload specified, with the script (if) specified being ran + upon each serving. + + with the basics of bluedream's architecture covered, let's get into the + nitty-griddy details of what makes her tick. + + TICK TICK TICK + inf runs every time an infected extension is triggered, often at + startup. upon being triggered, inf phones home to cnc at most once a day, + which provides an updated copy of inf. after this, it spreads to any files + in the workspace which contain (compiled) extension code. following this, + inf spreads to all other currently installed extensions, in case the + original vector is removed. lastly, inf will spread to any packaged + extensions in the current workspace. + + in the following sections, we will discuss in (potentially excruciating) + detail, how each of these vectors of spread work. + + SENTINELS + the packaged infection is stored within extensions. much like a + biological virus, it needs a host. to separate inf from the legitimate + code, two markers are used. the specifics do not matter, but my commie ass + used /*瑲慮猠*/ and /*物杨瑳*/. these are entirely gibberish Chinese characters. + + however, pipe them into a hex dump, and they are -- still garbage. + codepoints, though? U+7472, U+616E, etc. interesting. interpret UTF-16 as + ASCII, and they spell out "trans rights" :P + + THE MINI + extensions are fun things. while you may write your neat and clean + typescript, at the end of the day, it's javascript all the way down... and + because we decided to take a technology hacked together in under two weeks + and use it to power the entire fucking internet and most user-facing + applications, we developed minification. even then, discord takes up + ~100MB because it's its own damned chromium install... i fucking hate + javascript. + + minification also provides some convenience for malware developers, like + us. several megabyte, one line, obfuscated javascript isn't "a major cause + for concern", it's just "webpack"! yay! + + we pick a spot to insert inf. either between two lines of typescript + boilerplate, in a known location for webpack, or just at the end. this + procedure is used to infect all extensions -- including local output + files, as in `extension_js_spread`, local extension persistence as in + `extension_spread`, and packaged extensions as in `vsix_spread`. what is a + vsix, anyway? + + WHAT IS A VSIX, ANYWAY? + vscode uses the vsix format to package extensions. vsix is, in essence, + a glorified zip file. the relevant files for this writeup being + extension.vsixmanifest, extension/package.json*, and + extension/out/extension.js*. + + a vsixmanifest is an XML-formatted file that is, (i believe), used in + both visual studio, and vscode. the relevant key in this file is + "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Code.Manifest", which points at the package.json. + + within package.json, the key "main" points at the javascript code ran + when the extension is triggered. with this knowledge, we are able to use + the procedure described in THE MINI in order to pwn packaged extensions. + the only difference being that we need logic to process zip files. the + relevant code is in inf/mal/spread/vsix.js. this is a combination of YAZL, + and an utterly nightmarish artisan-rolled zip file parser that to cope + with imma need some artisan-rolled shit of my own... + + *these are the file names by convention. they do not technically have to + be present at these particular locations. + + CONCLUSION(s) + what would have stopped this attack from working? for one, signing + vscode extensions upon packaging would have helped. vsce, the main tool + used to package (, and often publish) vscode extensions, has had a github + issue for this very topic since july of 2017. vscode never implemented + support, though. [vsce_issue] + + i recall reading that extensions are signed upon being uploaded to the + marketplace, but this would not prevent this attack, as extensions are + already pwned by the time they're sent to the marketplace. + + and lastly, you are not an APT. sorry. this worm was written over the + course of a 3 week [47d1] -- a coping mechanism after some interpersonal + termoil, in which i experienced such delusions of grandeur that i + genuinely believed that this worm was my golden ticket -- that i would be + set for life, money wise. this is of course, utterly laughable. i threw + away the plan immediately after deployment anyway, as i had recently + [82821f1ccb55943a67b2d7689e08f7c6e548d3778b0835d2d0eebaf43c81e2bd], and i + proceeded to [1c747f5c1eac42e9eb77c538a4f77b3b4c18b0bd8ce62dc88637e585a2]. + + SHA_TAGS + ========== + 084a1631cd59ed1a3244305b6fbc28a2d93c97a7df8dc117c90955a728b00d35 + 1c747f5c1eac42e9eb77c538a4f77b3b4c18b0bd8ce62dc88637e585a2701298 + 47d140cbea401190e9612d5c7e3bd78a5fbb63def20832036a1b2c4fbbac636b + 480b2b30b0c14c30d3f130561a44c77cba580910d2789593e4e379c2d26bc3f8 + 82821f1ccb55943a67b2d7689e08f7c6e548d3778b0835d2d0eebaf43c81e2bd + affa8bd6c29038c52a423488d1b037615d7bb8a8384736d46837c662887303f9 + e2b5ed016720f26e10bc200c8c528241298f9a64db8559b9ad8276b859a660ac + e6400ef383e6509261b52d3f16e466752487a27e19d0579a3eb5567bb7244055 + + + OG: 6628738fac546ec9cf6193e2b3ab753e11f62f4fff8348ee4e0f499e00167210 + + LINKS + ======= + vsce_issue: https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode-vsce/issues/191 + + ~ spv, 2025.
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